Kamis, 10 Mei 2012

SAP UNIT 5 ACCOUNTING LESSON 2


Unit 5 lesson 2 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
1.    Jelaskan general ledger
2.    General ledger posting merupakan hasil dari...
3.    3 tingkatan dalam general ledger
4.    Jelaskan hubungannya dengan cost accounting
5.    The integration of posting data is reflected in..
6.     Gambarkan financial accounting
7.    Jelaskan a shared database
8.    Jelaskan account receivable dan peranannya
9.    Gambarkan account receivable
10. Jelaskan acount payable
11. Jelaskan accounting dokumen dan jenis-jenisnya
12. Berikan contoh accounting document
13. Berikan contoh processing document
14. Jelaskan payment dan hubungannya dengan enter document
15. Jelaskan travel management and expense reimbursemen
16. Jelaskan payment and transfer to payroll accounting
JAWABAN
1.    General ledger :
Operations transaction (for example, issue of goods causes material issue posting) if the SAP materials management (MM) system is active and integrated
Posting transaction in subdiary (asset acquisition in fixed assets) if the SAP asset accounting (FI-AA) system is active and integrated
Transaction originally assigned to the general ledger, if the general ledger (FI-GL) system is active
2.    .
3.    -      master data
-          Transaction data
-          Reporting
4.    .
5.    .
6.    Account recevable : the FI accounts receivable component is responsible for monitoring and controlling customer accounts within SAP R/3’s financial accounting component. Account analysis,alarm reports, due date list, and a flexible dunning system all make it easier to keep track of open items.
7.    .
8.    Account payable : SAP R/3’s FI accounts payable component manages accounting data for all vendors. Its also an integral component of the acquisition process.
9.    Accounting documents : accounting documents are the result of a posting in fnancial accounting. There are two types of documents :
Original documents
Processing documents
10. Contoh accounting documents :
Example of original documents :
Receipts
Invoices
Checks
Bank statements
Example of processing documents :
Accounting documents
Sample documents
Reccuring entry documents
11. Example of processing documents :
Accounting documents
Sample documents
Reccuring entry documents
12. Payments : when you enter documents, the system checks wheter the minimum account assigments have been made, for example, document date, posting date, document type, posting key, account number, and amount.
13. Travel management and expanse reimbursement : trips cost time and money- not only for the person travelling, but for everyone involved in the planning, approving, veryfing, and accounting of trips. Toda, travel management is expected to support all of the bussines processes involved with a bussines trip in one single procedur.
14. Payment and transfer to payroll accounting : payment of expense can be accomplished via financial accounting, payroll aaccounting, or data medium exchange (DME) with credit institutions. Whether travel expanse ar paid payroll accounting in your company or not, the result are transferred to payroll accounting if there are additional amounts for taxation.

Kamis, 15 Maret 2012

soal & jawaban bab 4

UNIT 4: LOGISTIC
Lesson 1: Procurement
1.           Jelaskan proses procurement dan bagaimana integrasinya terhadap SAP
Procurement is mySAP ERP covers not only traditional processes such as requistioning , purchase order management, and invoice verification , but also catalog-based self-service requistioning for maintenance. Repair, and operations (MRO) materials and services.
This catalog integration is expanded to maintenance operations and project management.
2.           Beda antara procurement tradisional dan SAP
Procurement is mySAP ERP covers not only traditional processes such as requistioning , purchase order management, and invoice verification , but also catalog-based self-service requistioning for maintenance. Repair, and operations (MRO) materials and services.

3.           Jelaskan MRO (maintenance, repair dan operations)
catalog-based self-service requistioning for maintenance. Repair, and operations (MRO) materials and services.
4.       Bagaimana Procurement di SAP ERP meingkatkan proses procurement?
l  Procurement in mySAP ERP improves procurement processes by facilitating plan-driven and ad hoc purchasing, complete inventory management, and intelligent reporting on all procurement activities.

5.       Gambarkan proses procurement
6.       Jelaskan determination of requirement apakah bisa dibuat secara manual atau otomatis oleh SAP  
l  You can enter purchase requisitions yourself or they can be generated automatically by the materials planning and control system.
7.       Source determination
l  mySAP ERP helps you identify potential sources of supply based on past orders and existing longer-term purchase agreements.

8.       Dapat dibuat dari informasi mana?
l  This speeds the process of creating requests for quotation (RFQs), which can be sent to vendors electronically via EDI, if desired.

9.       Apa itu  Request for Quotation (RFQ’s)
l  the process of creating requests for quotation (RFQs), which can be sent to vendors electronically via EDI, if desired.
10.   Vendor selection and comparison of quotation
l  The system is capable of simulating pricing scenarios, allowing you to compare a number of different quotations.
11.    Purchase order creation
l  The purchase order adopts information from the requisition and the quotation to help you create a purchase order.

12.   Darimana informasi didapatkan untuk membuat purchase order creation?
l  As with purchase requisitions, you can generate purchase orders yourself or have the system generate them automatically.

13.   Apakah SAP bisa mengeluaarkan sendiri PO?
l  Vendor scheduling agreements and contracts (in the SAP system, types of long-term purchase agreement) are also supported.

14.   Bagaimana dengan Vendor scheduling agreement dan contract?  
Vendor scheduling agreements and contracts (in the SAP system, types of long-term purchase agreement) are also supported
15.   Jelaskan purchase order follow up
l  The system checks the reminder periods you have specified and, if necessary, automatically prints reminders or expediters at the predefined intervals.

16.   Apa saja yang disediakan oleh SAP untuk PO Follow up ini?
l  The system also provides you with an up-to-date status of all purchase requisitions, quotations, and purchase orders.

17.   Jelaskan good receiving and inventory management
l  Goods receiving personnel can confirm the receipt of goods simply by entering the purchase order number.

18.   Bagaimana memberikan konfirm terhadap penerimaan barang?
l  By specifying permissible tolerances, buyers can limit over- and under-deliveries of ordered goods.

19.   Jelaskan invoice verification
l  The system supports the checking and matching of invoices.

20.   Bagaimana SAP melakukan verfikasi terhadap invoice?
l  The accounts payable clerk is notified of quantity and price variances because the system has access to purchase order and goods receipt data.

21.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Purchase Orders (PO)
l  A purchase order is a formal request to a vendor to supply certain goods or services under the stated conditions.

22.   Sebutkan empat sumber pembuatan PO  
l  You can create purchase orders without reference, or with reference to a purchase requisition, a request for quotation, or another purchase order.

23.   Bagaimana mengantarkan PO kepada Supplier?
l  When you enter the purchase order data, the system suggests default values.
l  For example, the system suggests the ordering address, as well as the terms of payment and freight (incoterms) from the vendor master record.
l  If you have maintained a material master for a given material in the SAP system, the system suggests the material short text or the material group, for example.
l  If a purchasing info record already exists in the system, the system copies a price proposal to the purchase order.

24.   Jelaskan self service procurement
Self-Service Procurement allows employees to create and manage their own requisitions.
25.   Jelaskan self service requisitioning
l  Self-Service Requisitioning means purchasing non-strategic goods, that is, goods not directly linked to the value chain (often called MRO: maintenance, repair, and operations items).

26.   Jelaskan inventory Management
l  The procurement process is concluded by the invoice verification process, during which invoices and credit memos are entered and the contents and prices are checked for accuracy.
l  However, payment and evaluation of invoices is not part of invoice verification; the appropriate information for these tasks passes on to other departments.
l  Invoice verification, therefore, creates a link between Procurement and Accounting.

27.   Jelaskan mafaat mempostingkan goods receipt to stoct with reference to PO
        The goods receiving point can check whether the delivery is the same as the purchase order data, that is, whether the goods that were ordered have been delivered.

28.   Jelaskan invoice verification
l  The procurement process is concluded by the invoice verification process, during which invoices and credit memos are entered and the contents and prices are checked for accuracy.

29.   Manfaat invoice verification dalam menghubungkan antara ......
l  Invoice verification, therefore, creates a link between Procurement and Accounting.
l  When you enter an invoice with reference to a purchase order, the system suggests data from the purchase order and the goods receipts for the purchase order (for example, vendor, material, quantity still to be invoiced, terms of payment, and so on).

30.   Bagaimana SAP memperingatkan kalau terjadi masalah dengan invoice verification?
l  However, payment and evaluation of invoices is not part of invoice verification; the appropriate information for these tasks passes on to other departments.

31.   Jelaskan message sehubungan dengan purchasing documents
l  You can issue all purchasing documents as messages.
l  Each time you create an RFQ (Request for quotation), purchase order, contract, or scheduling agreement, the system can create a message from the document affected.
l  This message is then placed in the message queue.

32.   Pilihan-pilihan untuk mengeluarkan message 
To issue the message (by printing, e-mail, fax, or EDI) from the message queue, you have the following options:
l  Issue immediately:
        The system issues the message directly from the queue, in other words, as soon as you save the document.
l  Issue later:
        Either you schedule a background job that processes the message queue in determined intervals, or you start the issue directly from the purchasing menu.
        As a rule, you issue the messages using the background job and start the issue manually only as an exception (such as for rush orders).

soal & jawaban SAP

1.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Organizational elements dan tujuannya

Organizational Elements
A company;s enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using organizational elements


2.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Master data dan tujuannya

Master Data
Created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users,master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements.


3.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Transaction  dan tujuannya

Transaction
Transaction are application programs that execute business processes in SAP system.Examples includes create sales order,chage customer master or display a sales order’s list report.


4.        Sebutkan unsur-unsur dari organizational element

Organizational Elements
  • ·         Client
  • ·         Company Code
  • ·         Plant
  • ·         Storage Location
  • ·         Sales Organization
  • ·         Distribution Channel
  • ·         Organizational Unit
  • ·         Position


5.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan client

CLIENT

  • A client is an independent organizational unit.
  • A client is considered synonym for a group.
  • A client is self-contained technical unit.
  • General data & tables used for several organization structure are stored at client level.
  • Client is positioned in the highest level in Enterprise Structure.
  • Several company code can be uniquely assigned to a client.


6.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Company code

COMPANY CODE

  • A Company Code is a legal entity & independent accounting unit.
  • Balance Sheet & Profit & loss account are created at Company Code level.
  • Company Code is organizational unit prepared by FI.
  • Several Company Code can be uniquely assigned to a Client.
  • Several Company Code under same client can have same chart of accounts.


7.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Plant

PLANT & STORAGE LOCATION

  • In SD, a Plant represents the location from which material & services are distributed & correspond to a distribution centre. Which is also known as Delivering Plant. The relevant stocks are kept here.
  • In SD, the Plant has a central function:
  • At least one Plant is necessary in order to be able to use SD module.
  • A Plant is uniquely assigned to a Company code.
  • Assignment between Sales organization & Plant is not unique.
  • Delivering Plant is important for determining shipping point.
  • For a Plant to deliver goods to the customers, it must be configured appropriately as a delivering plant in SD customizing.
  • It is possible that a Plant in one company code may have transaction with sales organization in another company code within same client. This is known as *cross company sales.
  • Plant & Storage location are organizational units that can be used by all logistic area in the system.


8.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Storage location

PLANT & STORAGE LOCATION

  • In SD, a Plant represents the location from which material & services are distributed & correspond to a distribution centre. Which is also known as Delivering Plant. The relevant stocks are kept here.
  • In SD, the Plant has a central function:
  • At least one Plant is necessary in order to be able to use SD module.
  • A Plant is uniquely assigned to a Company code.
  • Assignment between Sales organization & Plant is not unique.
  • Delivering Plant is important for determining shipping point.
  • For a Plant to deliver goods to the customers, it must be configured appropriately as a delivering plant in SD customizing.
  • It is possible that a Plant in one company code may have transaction with sales organization in another company code within same client. This is known as *cross company sales.
  • Plant & Storage location are organizational units that can be used by all logistic area in the system.


9.        Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Sales organization

SALES ORGANIZATION

  • Sales Organization is an organizational unit of Logistics, which groups the enterprise according to the requirement of Sales & Distribution.
  • Sales Organization distributes goods & services.
  • Sales Organization is liable for sold products, responsible for the customers right of recourse & negotiating sales condition.
  • One or more Sales Organization can be uniquely assigned to a Company Code.
  • Sales Organization can be assigned to one or more plant. This assignment is not unique, so several Sales Organizations can also be assigned to one plant.
  • Each Sales Organization has its own master data, for eg customer & material master data, as well as conditions, pricing & output type.
  • A Sales Organization is the highest level (after the Client) to which sales figure are summed for SD with statistics currency.
  • Sales Organization can be used as selection criteria for listing of sales document, as well as for creating delivery & billing worklist.
  • Different output type can be defined for sales & billing document, for each Sales Organization.
  • Sales Organization is also used to take regional, national, international sub-division of the market into account.


10.    Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Distribution channel

DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL

  • A Distribution Channel is a mean through which saleable material or services reach the customer.
  • A Distribution Channel represents the strategies to distribute goods and / or services to the customers. Eg: wholesale, retail, institutional, etc.
  • Distribution Channel can be assigned to one or more Sales Organization.
  • Same customer can be served through one or more Distribution Channel, within a Sales Organization.
  • Distribution Channel can be set as per company's marketing strategies or internal organization.
  • Master data can vary (Customer & material Master data, Prices, discounts / surcharge, output type, etc) for each Sales Organization & Distribution Channel, i.e, within Distribution Channel master data can be defined separately.
  • Master data created for one Distribution Channel can also be used in other Distribution Channel.
  • Different sales document type can be defined for Distribution Channel.
  • Sales Office can be assigned to Distribution Channel.
  • Items in a delivery & billing documents can belong to different Distribution Channel.
  • Distribution Channel can be used as selection criteria for creating lists.


11.    Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Organizational unit

DIVISION

  • Division represents a product line or grouping of materials or services.
  • Division can be assigned to one or more sales organization.
  • Division can be assigned to one or more distribution channels.
  • Material always belongs to only one Division.
  • Master data can vary from Division to Division.
  • Different Division can share same master data, if shared master data is created.
  • Sales Office can be assigned to Division .
  • In sales document type, if Item Division is not activated, it will accept material from the Division at header level only & if material at item level is from different Division from header level, the same is not accepted.
  • Item in delivery or billing can belong to different Division.
  • Division can be used as selection criteria in sales document & also for creating delivery worklist.
  • Different output type can be used for printing sales document for each Division.


12.    Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Position

Positions are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise

13.    Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan IDES

IDES
   IDES (International Demonstration and Educational System) is an international company dependent upon collaborations with external business partners and a global outlook.
   IDES AG is a manufacturing company.It operetes worldwide and has a number of subsidiaries.This company’s processes are using during this training corse to demonstrate the solutions provided by SAP
   As a model company,IDES has a large number of business branches and branch-specific subsidiaries.Business processes are fully set up and include all core areas,such as purchasing,sales,marketing,and manufacturing.
   As an international company,IDES has several holdings and requires the ability to report to shareholders on an international bases.Management’s goal over the next year is to increase profits.Costing analysis reports,cash management reports,and overhead cost reports are to be captured to a business intelligence system for management review
   IDES AG produces many products.Products are manufactured at a number of production locations worldwide.Global planning ensures that deliveries are made from the nearest distribution center.


14.   Hubungan master data dengan aplikasi yang ada di SAP

System-Wide Master Data Concept
   In SAP,master data is created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users.Centrally stored master data means data records are always consistent,up-to –date,and free redundancy.Master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements.
   Integrating of corresponding data into one single database objects means that the problem of data redundancy is not an issue and data inetgrity enhanced.All areas can use the stored data,including sales,purchasing,inventory management,materials planning,invoice verification,finance,and human resources
.


15.   Sifat master data

Master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements.
   Integrating of corresponding data into one single database objects means that the problem of data redundancy is not an issue and data inetgrity enhanced.


16.   Sebutkan data yang disimpan dalam master data
sales,purchasing,inventory management,materials planning,invoice verification,finance,and human resources

17.   Jelaskan isi dari customer master data

Costumer Master
   A costumer master contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its costumer.Company code data controls the posting procedure and subsequent processing,such as payments and dunning.Sales organization data provides information on costumers for support execution of such business processes as entering sales orders,shipping,billing,and processing payment.


18.   Jelaskan tiga struktur dalam customer master

The costumer master;s three part structure is represented by:
1.       General Data: This data is equally relevant to every company code and every sales organization within a company
2.       Data for Company Codes: This data reflects company-specific agreements with costumer.
3.       Data for Sales : This data has different characteristics for a company’s sales organizations and channels.


19.   Jelaskan material master

Material Master
   The material master contains all of the key information a company needs to manage a material within its organization.The material master defines,among other things,how a product is sold,manufactured,purchased,inventoried,accounted,and costed.The information in the material master is grouped into views that are organized business function.


20.   Jelaskan personnel file

Personnel file
   Personnel files are master data records used primarily mySAP ERP Human Capital management.These master records follow the same basic three-part structure,as do other master records.
The organizational elements used by mySAP HCM are unique and,as a group,they are referred to as Organizational Management.
   The functions of Organizational Management enable you to quickly and efficienctly map your current organizational and reporting structure with its organizational objects-organizational units,jobs,positions,and task.


21.   Jelaskan isi dari personnel file

These master records follow the same basic three-part structure,as do other master records.
The organizational elements used by mySAP HCM are unique and,as a group,they are referred to as Organizational Management.
   The functions of Organizational Management enable you to quickly and efficienctly map your current organizational and reporting structure with its organizational objects-organizational units,jobs,positions,and task.


22.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan organizational unit
Describe the various business units that exist in enterprise


23.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Jobs
Jobs serve as descriptions, or templates, that apply to several position


24.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Positions
Positions are the individual employee assignment in the enterprise


25.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan Persons
Persons hold positions within the organizational structure

26.   Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan transaction
Transactions are application programs that execute business processes in the SAP system


27.   Bagaimana hubungan antara transaksi dengan dokumen 
Whenever a transaction is executed in the system, a documen is created